1. Dripping Faucet
Problem: A constant drip from the faucet wastes water and can be annoying.
Extensive Fix:
- Turn off the water supply under the sink.
- Plug the drain to avoid losing small parts.
- Remove the faucet handle using a screwdriver.
- Use a wrench to unscrew the packing nut and remove the cartridge or stem.
- Inspect the washer or O-ring at the base—this is often the culprit.
- Replace the worn-out washer or O-ring with a new one that fits precisely.
- Reassemble the faucet and turn the water back on.
- If dripping continues, the faucet seat may be corroded and need professional attention or replacement.
2. Running Toilet
Problem: Water keeps running after flushing, leading to high water bills.
Extensive Fix:
- Open the toilet tank and check the flapper valve at the bottom.
- If the flapper is warped or not sealing properly, replace it.
- Examine the chain that lifts the flapper—if it’s too short or too long, adjust it.
- Inspect the fill valve and float. Adjust the float height to stop the water at the correct level (usually 1 inch below the overflow tube).
- If components are old or cracked, a complete toilet repair kit can be installed with all new internal parts.
3. Clogged Drain (Sink or Shower)
Problem: Water drains slowly or not at all, often due to hair, soap scum, or grease.
Extensive Fix:
- Remove the drain stopper or cover.
- Use a drain snake or a zip-it tool to pull out any visible debris.
- For minor blockages, pour a half cup of baking soda followed by a half cup of vinegar into the drain. Let it sit for 15 minutes and flush with boiling water.
- Avoid harsh chemical drain cleaners—they can damage pipes.
- For persistent clogs, remove the P-trap under the sink, clean it out, and reattach. Use plumber’s tape to ensure a tight seal.
4. Low Water Pressure
Problem: Weak water flow from faucets or showerheads.
Extensive Fix:
- Check if the issue is isolated to one fixture or throughout the home.
- Remove the aerator or showerhead and soak it in vinegar overnight to dissolve mineral buildup.
- Rinse and reinstall. If still low, consider replacing with a new fixture.
- If multiple fixtures are affected, inspect for pipe leaks, partially closed shut-off valves, or a faulty pressure regulator.
- If your home has old galvanized pipes, they may be corroded inside and require replacement.
5. Leaky Pipes
Problem: Water leaks from visible or hidden pipes.
Extensive Fix:
- Turn off the main water supply immediately.
- Dry the area and locate the leak.
- For a temporary fix, apply plumber’s tape or epoxy putty to seal the leak.
- For small cracks, rubber patching with hose clamps can help temporarily.
- Long-term fix involves cutting out the damaged pipe section with a pipe cutter and replacing it with a new piece using couplings.
- For hidden leaks (inside walls), look for damp spots or mold, and consider hiring a plumber to investigate.
6. Water Heater Issues
Problem: Inconsistent temperature or no hot water at all.
Extensive Fix:
- Check the thermostat setting—it should be around 120°F (49°C).
- For electric water heaters, check the circuit breaker and reset if tripped.
- Drain the tank to remove sediment buildup: turn off the power/gas, attach a hose to the drain valve, and let water flow until clear.
- Inspect the anode rod inside the tank—if corroded, replace it to extend tank life.
- If you hear popping noises or have rusty water, it may be time to replace the unit.
- For gas heaters, inspect the pilot light—relight if it’s out, or replace the thermocouple if it won’t stay lit.
7. Jammed Garbage Disposal
Problem: Makes a humming sound but doesn’t grind.
Extensive Fix:
- Turn off power at the switch or circuit breaker.
- Use the wrench (usually included with the disposal) to turn the hex hole underneath the unit to manually rotate and free the jam.
- Use tongs or pliers to remove visible obstructions (never use hands).
- Press the red reset button on the bottom of the unit.
- Restore power and test. If the motor won’t run or reset fails, the unit may need replacement.
8. Slow-Draining Toilet
Problem: Toilet flushes slowly or incompletely.
Extensive Fix:
- Use a flange plunger to try and dislodge any minor blockage.
- If that doesn’t work, use a toilet auger to snake the drain and break up deeper clogs.
- Pour hot (not boiling) water into the bowl to help dissolve organic matter.
- Check the tank fill level; if it’s too low, adjust the float so the tank fills more and provides a stronger flush.
- Remove hard water buildup in the rim holes using a wire hanger or brush.
9. Sewer System Backup
Problem: Multiple drains clogged, bubbling toilets, bad odors.
Extensive Fix:
- Stop using all water immediately to avoid overflow.
- Check for clean-out pipe access (usually outside the home).
- Remove the cap carefully—it may release pressure.
- If you can see a clog near the surface, a plumbing snake may help clear it.
- Avoid using chemical cleaners; they can worsen the blockage.
- This is usually a job for a professional with a sewer camera and hydro jetting equipment.
- Regular sewer line inspection (especially for older homes) can prevent this issue.
10. Noisy Pipes (Water Hammer)
Problem: Loud banging noise when water flow suddenly stops.
Extensive Fix:
- Turn off the main water supply.
- Open all faucets (starting from the top floor down to the basement) and flush all toilets to drain the system.
- Once water is fully drained, slowly turn the main water supply back on—this resets the air chambers in your pipes.
- If that doesn’t work, install water hammer arrestors near the noisy valves or appliances (e.g., washing machines or dishwashers).
- Secure loose pipes with clamps or insulation to reduce vibrations.
- Persistent water hammer may require pressure regulators or professional diagnosis.